JUSTIFICATION OF EXPLOITATION TECHNOLOGY OF TECHNOGENIC ALLUVIAL GOLD DEPOSITS WITH FORMATION OF PRODUCTIVE ZONE

Abstract

The problem of gold mining from alluvial deposits
in the Russian Federation and beyond is directly
related to the deterioration of the mineral resource
base and of the geological conditions - decrease in
the average gold content in the sands, complication
of the exploitation conditions of alluvial deposits,
involvement of deep deposits and complex structures in the mining of labor-intensive placers, development of man-made alluvial formations, which
leads to unsatisfactory technical and economic
indicators of production. According to expert
meanings, the potential resources of man-made
placers are quite large. Significant volumes of
gold-containing material from the dump complex
are accumulated in gold mining regions - billions
of cubic meters of pebble dumps and dredging tailings, top soils and re-sorters. The average gold
grades in the dumping complex are mostly conditional according to modern economic requirements
and can even be comparable with the content in
whole placers, so they can be used for re-mining.
Man-made placers are characterized by a random
distribution of gold and other valuable components
in their thickness, which makes it difficult to widely
use them in case of low contents as objects of industrial gold mining. Involving them in mining requires some preparation, both at the stage of establishing their reserves and during their development. Effective development of man-made placers
is possible when new technological solutions are
applied, the possibility of choosing the optimal
structural and technological indicators of mining
and processing equipment, depending on the totality of influencing natural, structural, and technological factors. The most important area of research is
the creation of new innovative technologies. To
solve these problems, a direction of research on the
development and theoretical justification of geotechnology for the development of man-made alluvial deposits based on an intra-dump concentration of valuable components, ensuring the formation of an enriched zone in the near-flood part,
was determined and is being developed. In order to
develop the technology, the authors conducted
large-scale theoretical and experimental studies to
learn the nature and degree of influence of the factors that form the basis of the technology on the
processes of migration and concentration of gold
particles in the technogenic rock mass.