MONITORING OF THE SPATIAL DEFORMATION PROCESSES OF UNDERMINED STRUCTURES

Abstract

In the article the modern state of development of methods for monitoring the undermined objects is considered, the brief review of the acting regulations is made. It is noted that the current approach to assessing and forecasting the state of undermined constructions bases on the calculation of linear deformations and comparison of them with the critical values. However, the deformation of constructions under the influence of mining can have a complex spatial character, when
traditional instrumental methods not always allow reliable identification and evaluation of deformation parameters. The paper presents the author's practice results of instrumental observations of the building in the city of Nizhny Tagil experiencing impact of underground mining of the Magnetitovaya mine. Obtained values of relative vertical deformations were several
times lower than the critical ones, but the actual state of the undermined construction under study indicated a high level of acting deformation processes. The technique of the study of undermined structure by the method of terrestrial laser scanning is presented, data processing methods are described, and analysis of the received results has been made. Based on the laser
scanning data the three-dimensional model of the building was created for which a number of measurements were made. When comparing the obtained actual contour of horizontal cross-section of the construction with the project, irregular horizontal movements of large parts of the building were revealed, which were the main cause of cracking in its construction. As a result of the deviations cloud points calculation from the reference planes the curvature of the bearing walls of the structure was also revealed. The advantages of performing monitoring of volumetric deformation processes are underlined. The necessity of updating or addition of the acting national regulations is noted.