NECESSITY OF INVESTIGATION FOR DURATION OF THE SHEAR PROCESS AFTER THE END OF MINING WORKS USING INSTRUMENTAL OBSERVATIONS

Abstract

The use of mined areas is associated with the possible activation of incomplete shear processes and, as a consequence, the formation of failures, as well as the risk of severe deformation of the earth's surface, resulting in damage of buildings and structures. The degree of damage depends on the nature and parameters of the ongoing shear process during underground mining and varies widely, ranging from cracks in building walls and ceilings to complete destruction of infrastructure. A distinctive feature of settlements associated with underground mining is the direct contact of their territories with mining allotments. This is especially noticeable in the Urals, where mining operations have been carried out for more than 300 years. During this time, the development of urbanization has caused the interchangeability of built-up and mined areas. The mined areas that are not used in economic turnover became wastelands and dumps. Meanwhile, urban communications (roads, power lines, water pipelines, etc.) are developing and need more space to accommodate them. Economic and social problems are caused by the presence of potentially hazardous lands within the city limits, lack of free land plots. Therefore, these problems can be solved in the Ural cities (Berezovsky, Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Degtyarsk, Ekaterinburg, Kamensk-Uralsky, Krasnoturyinsk, Nizhny Tagil, Perm, etc.) where the mined areas are located in economically developed and built-up areas. The paper discusses the methods used to monitor the process of earth surface shear, as well as various anthropogenic and natural factors. The Saranovskoye chromite ore deposit is considered as an example in this paper.