EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF IMPACT HAZARD IN THE MINES OF THE FAR EASTERN REGION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25635/2313-1586.2025.01.053Keywords:
geomechanics, rock pressure, state of stress, rock bursts, prediction, methods, controlAbstract
The development of solid mineral deposits at the present stage takes place with an ever-increasing complexity of mining, geological and geomechanical conditions and is accompanied by the manifestation of such dangerous geodynamic phenomena as mountain impacts, sudden emissions of rock and gas, man-made earthquakes, often with catastrophic consequences. The article presents the results of studies of dynamic manifestations of rock pressure and impact hazard for the period from January to November 2024 at polymetallic mines in the Far Eastern region, including the Yuzhnoye and Nikolaevskoye deposits. The object of the analysis was the geomechanical situation, characterized by a high intensity of seismic activity and frequent manifestations of mountain pressure. The main attention is paid to geomechanical monitoring using the “Prognoz-ADS” automated mountain pressure monitoring system, which records acoustic emission parameters in the range of 0.5–12 kHz.
Data analysis made it possible to identify spatiotemporal patterns of seismic activity and identify key factors affecting impact hazard. It has been established that the greatest number of dynamic manifestations is associated with the intersection of large tectonic faults, such as the Rudny fault, with zones of discontinuous faults, as well as with the accumulation of compressive stresses near ore bodies. The stress-strain state of the Yuzhnoye deposit massif is complicated by the presence of abandoned pillars of off-balance ores, interstory pillars and outstanding depleted space, which creates conditions for the implementation of mining and tectonic impacts.
Recommendations for further improvement of the monitoring and risk management system related to dynamic manifestations are proposed. The conclusions emphasize the need for an integrated approach, including instrumental monitoring, stress-strain modeling, and regular impact hazard analysis. These measures are aimed at improving the safety of mining operations and minimizing risks in fields characterized by high seismic activity.
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