ON THE ISSUE OF CHOOSING THE OPTIMAL LOCATION FOR EMERGENCY RESCUE UNITS AT HAZARDOUS PRODUCTION FACILITIES IN ORDER TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK

Abstract

There are more than 340 thousand hazardous production facilities at Russian enterprises. There is a high probability of accidents or emergency situations during the operation of these facilities. Along with the risk of loss of life and material damage from an accident, there are also environmental risks (pollution of the natural environment, loss of fauna and flora, changes in the landscape (sinkholes), etc.), The main task of an emergency rescue unit at an enterprise where there are hazardous production facilities is in case of an emergency at the facility. — to be at the scene of an emergency as quickly as possible, to localize it, rescue people, prevent or reduce the impact of an accident on the environment (removal of pollutants, fire extinguishing, etc.). Obviously, the sooner the rescue team arrives at the emergency facility, the fewer negative consequences there will be. The presence of an emergency rescue unit at the enterprise is one of the most effective methods of managing the environmental risk from accidents at hazardous production facilities. Many enterprises (chemical, petrochemical, mining, powder, etc.) include a number of hazardous production facilities that are located on the territory of the enterprise at various distances. Currently, there is no official document regulating the procedure for the deployment of an emergency rescue unit, in particular, at enterprises with several hazardous production facilities. In the studied literature, no methods have been proposed for solving the problem of determining the optimal location of an emergency rescue unit at enterprises. The paper considers three options for determining the conditionally optimal location of an emergency rescue unit at enterprises with a number of hazardous production facilities under certain assumptions.